REPUBLIKA.CO.ID, JAKARTA -- The State of Palestine has a Palestinian General Intelligence Service (PGIS) under the direct command of the president of the Palestinian Authority (PA). The state of Israel as occupier has three intelligence agencies, the best known being the Mossad. The other two agencies are Shin Bet and AMN.

The founding of Mossad was part of Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion's thinking. The founding of the Mossad was done immediately after the founding of the state of Israel which colonized Palestine. For this reason, the framework of the state must be established for the intelligence agencies that are already active in the current period of the country.

As was prevalent throughout the world, the existing trend was to form three separate frameworks, military intelligence agencies later called AMN. The internal security agency is henceforth called the Shin Bet, and the intelligence agency operating abroad is called Mossad.

Reported from the Mossad.gov website on Tuesday (5/12/2023), it is explained that the realization of the concept of the operation of this intelligence agency takes time and is carried out gradually. On June 30, 1948, the headquarters of the Haganah Organization (SHI) news service was dissolved, and the State of Israel's intelligence agency was established.

In July 1949, Reuven Shiloh proposed, Official of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and head of the political department, to establish a central agency for the concentration and coordination of intelligence and security agencies. Its objective is to achieve coordination and direction of intelligence and security agencies of intelligence activities.

Ben-Gurion approved the proposal and on 13 December 1949 announced the formation of a body headed by Reuven Shiloh. It was established that the date of its founding was the date of the founding of the agency, which was then called the intelligence and special tasks agency.

This coordinating agency had not conducted intelligence gathering operations abroad (which was then carried out in a special department in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs - “Deat”), until at the beginning of 1951 it was decided to form a central authority for intelligence collection abroad, becoming subordinate to the agency. This agency (called the authority) was the main body of the Mossad in its early years and later became the “Junction” division dealing with the recruitment and operation of agents.

In 1952, Reuven Shiloh finished his term as head of Mossad and in his place was appointed Isser Harel, who had previously been the head of Shin Bet (Hasbak) and had since been considered responsible for both organizations.

Harel served as head of Mossad until 1963, and during his tenure, Mossad grew from about 80 employees to more than 620 employees. In fact Mossad expanded its activities and engaged in various intelligence-gathering tasks and special operations.

Quoted from other sources, Wikipedia explains that Mossad is one of the main entities in the Israeli Intelligence Community, along with Aman or AMN (military intelligence) and Shin Bet (internal security).

Mossad is responsible for intelligence gathering, covert operations, and counter-terrorism. It is estimated that Mossad employs about 7,000 people.

Shin Bet, this name was used for Shabak in the first years of its formation. The agency is Israel's counter-espionage agency, and is known as the General Security Service (GSS) or General Security Service.

The GSS is responsible for the security and protection of the Israeli Prime Minister and other government officials such as defense industries, sensitive economic sites and Israeli installations. The Shin Bet has occasionally been compared to the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Shin Bet also holds all security for Israel's national airline.

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